Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is a natural and rhythmic process experienced by individuals with a uterus, lasting around 28 days. Understanding the fundamentals, such as its phases and the hormonal changes involved, is essential.

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Think of the menstrual cycle as a monthly performance in the female body, composed of several acts. Act one, the menstrual phase, begins with the shedding of the uterine lining and the onset of menstrual bleeding, marking the start of a new cycle.

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Act two, the follicular phase, is set in motion by the pituitary gland releasing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This hormone guides the growth of an ovarian follicle, which produces estrogen. This estrogen prepares the uterine lining for a possible pregnancy.

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Ovulation, our grand spectacle, arrives mid-cycle. A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers the release of a mature egg from the ovary, presenting a prime chance for conception.

The luteal phase follows, starring the corpus luteum, once the ovarian follicle, now producing progesterone. Progesterone prepares the uterine lining for implantation and supports an early pregnancy if it occurs.

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If pregnancy isn't on the horizon, progesterone takes its final bow, causing menstruation, and the cycle starts anew.

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Hormones, our backstage crew, play crucial roles in this well-coordinated performance. In the follicular phase, estrogen takes the lead, thickening the uterine lining and nurturing the ovarian follicle. Ovulation's star is LH, triggering the egg's release.

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In the luteal phase, progesterone becomes the headliner, ensuring the uterine lining is ready for pregnancy and supporting it if conception happens. When pregnancy isn't in the cards, progesterone exits the stage, leading to menstruation, and the cycle continues its rhythmic journey.

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Understanding these hormonal shifts and their timing is key to managing reproductive health, fertility, and addressing menstrual concerns.